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Don Norman

Don Norman

@don-norman · 27 positions · 1 change of mind · On ppll ↗

Cognitive scientist and designer; author of The Design of Everyday Things; co-founder of Nielsen Norman Group; former vice president at Apple; founding director of the Design Lab at UC San Diego.

Don Norman did not write this page.

We collected these quotes from things they published elsewhere, and every quote links to where it was said. They have no account here and have not endorsed this site. Quotes are word for word; the short line under each one is our own restatement, not their wording. Their own site. Is this you? Claim it or ask us to remove it. Or tell us what is wrong here.

9 of Don Norman's claims fit 5 mental models. Most often: Affordances and signifiers, Design is how it works, You are not the user.

Models they name

Their own words name the idea.

Affordances and signifiers

An interface should show what can be done and where, and give people a model of how it works.

Used by 11 others

Affordances determine what actions are possible and signifiers communicate where to act, and design needs both

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer Affordances determine what actions are possible. Signifiers communicate where the action should take place. We need both. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 2013All korrents from this piece
    Affordances determine what actions are possible. Signifiers communicate where the action should take place. We need both.

For designers, signifiers matter more than affordances: affordances control what is possible, signifiers are how a product communicates what to do.

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer Affordances control what actions are possible. For designers, signifiers are far more important. Signifiers are how communication takes place, how one signals the appropriate controls and operations. A Great Product Ruinedjnd.org · 20 Sept 2014
    Affordances control what actions are possible. For designers, signifiers are far more important. Signifiers are how communication takes place, how one signals the appropriate controls and operations.

Discoverability and understanding are two of the most important characteristics of good design

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer Two of the most important characteristics of good design are discoverability and understanding. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 1988–2013All korrents from this piece
    Two of the most important characteristics of good design are discoverability and understanding.

Providing a good conceptual model is the most important principle for taming complexity

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer The most important principle for taming complexity is to provide a good conceptual model, which has already been well covered in this book. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 2013All korrents from this piece
    The most important principle for taming complexity is to provide a good conceptual model, which has already been well covered in this book.

Good design communicates from machine to person what actions are possible, what is happening and what is about to happen, above all when things go wrong

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer Good design requires good communication, especially from machine to person, indicating what actions are possible, what is happening, and what is about to happen. Communication is especially important when things go wrong. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 1988–2013All korrents from this piece
    Good design requires good communication, especially from machine to person, indicating what actions are possible, what is happening, and what is about to happen. Communication is especially important when things go wrong.

Models we see in what they say

Our reading: their claim applies the idea without naming it. The claim is theirs; filing it here is ours.

Design is how it works

Judge a design by what it does for the person using it, not only by how it looks.

Used by 26 others

However brilliant a product is, if people cannot use it it will be judged poorly, and making it understandable and usable is up to the designer

You are not the user

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer No matter how brilliant the product, if people cannot use it, it will receive poor reviews. It is up to the designer to provide the appropriate information to make the product understandable and usable. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 1988–2013All korrents from this piece
    No matter how brilliant the product, if people cannot use it, it will receive poor reviews. It is up to the designer to provide the appropriate information to make the product understandable and usable.

What gets called human error is design error: technology-centred design makes people do what machines are good at and then blames them.

You are not the user

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer Human error is blamed for over 90 percent of industrial and automobile accidents. It is the leading cause of aviation accidents, and medical error is reported to be the third-largest cause of death in the entire United States. Horrifying? Yes, but why do we label it “human error”? It is design error. People-Centered (Not Tech-Driven) Designjnd.org · 26 Jul 2019
    Human error is blamed for over 90 percent of industrial and automobile accidents. It is the leading cause of aviation accidents, and medical error is reported to be the third-largest cause of death in the entire United States. Horrifying? Yes, but why do we label it “human error”? It is design error.

You are not the user

Watch real people use the real thing; your own sense of what is obvious does not count as evidence.

Used by 15 others

What gets called human error is design error: technology-centred design makes people do what machines are good at and then blames them.

Design is how it works

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer Human error is blamed for over 90 percent of industrial and automobile accidents. It is the leading cause of aviation accidents, and medical error is reported to be the third-largest cause of death in the entire United States. Horrifying? Yes, but why do we label it “human error”? It is design error. People-Centered (Not Tech-Driven) Designjnd.org · 26 Jul 2019
    Human error is blamed for over 90 percent of industrial and automobile accidents. It is the leading cause of aviation accidents, and medical error is reported to be the third-largest cause of death in the entire United States. Horrifying? Yes, but why do we label it “human error”? It is design error.

However brilliant a product is, if people cannot use it it will be judged poorly, and making it understandable and usable is up to the designer

Design is how it works

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer No matter how brilliant the product, if people cannot use it, it will receive poor reviews. It is up to the designer to provide the appropriate information to make the product understandable and usable. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 1988–2013All korrents from this piece
    No matter how brilliant the product, if people cannot use it, it will receive poor reviews. It is up to the designer to provide the appropriate information to make the product understandable and usable.

Curse of knowledge

Once you know something, you cannot remember not knowing it. Fresh eyes see what you no longer can: a newcomer's, or your own after time away.

Used by 6 others

Breakthroughs come from questioning the obvious, and the outsider's stupid question is where that power lies.

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer It is by questioning the obvious that we make great progress. This is where breakthroughs come from. We need to question the obvious, to reformulate our beliefs, and to redefine existing solutions, approaches, and beliefs. That is design thinking. Rethinking Design Thinkingcore77.com · 19 Mar 2013
    It is by questioning the obvious that we make great progress. This is where breakthroughs come from. We need to question the obvious, to reformulate our beliefs, and to redefine existing solutions, approaches, and beliefs. That is design thinking.

Positioning

Set up your situation, rules and defaults so the good choice is the easy one, instead of relying on willpower.

Used by 21 others

The most effective way to help people remember something is to make remembering it unnecessary

  1. Don Norman Cognitive scientist and designer The most effective way of helping people remember is to make it unnecessary. The Design of Everyday Things (Basic Books, 2013, revised and expanded edition)books.google.com · c. 1988–2013All korrents from this piece
    The most effective way of helping people remember is to make it unnecessary.