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← People and their mental models

Casey Handmer's mental models

7 claims Casey Handmer made fit 3 mental models. Most often: Bottlenecks, Trade-offs, Value moves to what stays scarce. Everything they said here.

Models they name

Their own words name the idea.

Bottlenecks

A system moves only as fast as its narrowest point; speed up anything else and nothing changes.

Used by 91 others

Every industrial revolution is the same move — routing around a bottleneck — and the bottleneck before ours was the limit of what a human or a horse could digest.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory And the bottleneck prior to what we call the industrial revolution was uh metabolism, right? It's just like how much like oats can a human or a horse physically digest and then convert into useful mechanical output for you know their their um their peasant overlord or whatever. China is killing the US on energy. Does that mean they’ll win AGI? — Casey Handmeryoutube.com · 15 Aug 2025 · 0:51:51 into the videoAll korrents from this video
    And the bottleneck prior to what we call the industrial revolution was uh metabolism, right? It's just like how much like oats can a human or a horse physically digest and then convert into useful mechanical output for you know their their um their peasant overlord or whatever.

The binding constraint on the AI build-out is chips, not power, which is why not having a solar panel factory will never be on the critical path.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory They're focused on the chips, right? Because they understand like the key bottleneck is the chips, not the solar power, right? China is killing the US on energy. Does that mean they’ll win AGI? — Casey Handmeryoutube.com · 15 Aug 2025 · 0:07:33 into the videoAll korrents from this video
    They're focused on the chips, right? Because they understand like the key bottleneck is the chips, not the solar power, right?

The binding constraint on building anything in America is permitting and litigation, not money.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory Yet solar development is hopelessly snarled by dozens of different development regulations which begin with the assumption that it will permanently and severely harm the environment unless proven otherwise, at exhaustive length. Permitting Reform Or Deathcaseyhandmer.wordpress.com · 10 Nov 2023All korrents from this piece
    Yet solar development is hopelessly snarled by dozens of different development regulations which begin with the assumption that it will permanently and severely harm the environment unless proven otherwise, at exhaustive length.

Tariffs are beside the point in the energy race with China; what is actually costing America is environmental regulation, and Texas is out-deploying California ten to one because of it.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory In terms of things that are causing us to lose to China, tariffs are neither here nor there because, as we've discussed, we're not sensitive to cost on power. But the environmental regulations that are actively preventing us from deploying renewable energy in the United States, like this is the reason Texas is winning. Texas is out deploying California 10 to1. China is killing the US on energy. Does that mean they’ll win AGI? — Casey Handmeryoutube.com · 15 Aug 2025 · 0:40:52 into the videoAll korrents from this video
    In terms of things that are causing us to lose to China, tariffs are neither here nor there because, as we've discussed, we're not sensitive to cost on power. But the environmental regulations that are actively preventing us from deploying renewable energy in the United States, like this is the reason Texas is winning. Texas is out deploying California 10 to1.

China's real weakness is not its economy but its geography: it imports almost all its oil across an ocean its navy cannot defend.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory China is surrounded by 15 countries who are mostly hostile to it, right? with no good like mountain ranges or rivers or anything to really separate them. And then they get all their oil, almost all their oil from the Middle East, right in countries that they don't control, don't have strong diplomatic relationships with on fleets of oil tankers that they can't defend because their navy doesn't have the ability to to operate effectively in the Indian Ocean. China is killing the US on energy. Does that mean they’ll win AGI? — Casey Handmeryoutube.com · 15 Aug 2025 · 0:01:48 into the videoAll korrents from this video
    China is surrounded by 15 countries who are mostly hostile to it, right? with no good like mountain ranges or rivers or anything to really separate them. And then they get all their oil, almost all their oil from the Middle East, right in countries that they don't control, don't have strong diplomatic relationships with on fleets of oil tankers that they can't defend because their navy doesn't have the ability to to operate effectively in the Indian Ocean.

Models we see in what they say

Our reading: their claim applies the idea without naming it. The claim is theirs; filing it here is ours.

Trade-offs

Every choice gives something up, so name the cost; and check, because some trade-offs everyone assumes are not real.

Used by 70 others

Cheap clean energy has broken the old trade-off between raising living standards and cutting environmental harm.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cheap solar is the unlock that brings human progress and climate action from the realm of fundamental incompatibility to complimentary inevitability. Radical Energy Abundancecaseyhandmer.wordpress.com · 11 Oct 2023All korrents from this piece
    Cheap solar is the unlock that brings human progress and climate action from the realm of fundamental incompatibility to complimentary inevitability.

Value moves to what stays scarce

When something becomes cheap and plentiful, the value moves to whatever is still rare next to it.

Used by 61 others

Once launch is cheap, the engineering effort spacecraft designers spend shaving off mass buys nothing.

  1. Casey Handmer Physicist, formerly at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory A dollar spent on mass optimization no longer buys a dollar saved on launch cost. Starship is Still Not Understoodcaseyhandmer.wordpress.com · 28 Oct 2021All korrents from this piece
    A dollar spent on mass optimization no longer buys a dollar saved on launch cost.