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Paul Krugman

Paul Krugman

@paul-krugman · 80 positions · 1 change of mind · On ppll ↗

Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work on economic geography, professor emeritus at Princeton and the CUNY Graduate Center, and a New York Times columnist from 1999 to 2024. Now writes on Substack.

Paul Krugman did not write this page.

We collected these quotes from things they published elsewhere, and every quote links to where it was said. They have no account here and have not endorsed this site. Quotes are word for word; the short line under each one is our own restatement, not their wording. Their own site. Is this you? Claim it or ask us to remove it. Or tell us what is wrong here.

The ideas Paul Krugman's claims keep coming back to. The labels are ours; every quote is Paul Krugman's own words.

Trump's tariffs failed on their own terms: no manufacturing revival, no smaller deficit, higher prices

Our label. 6 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

The tariffs survived the case for them because their real purpose was the personal power they conferred.

Incentives

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… It has been clear from the beginning that a primary motivation for tariffs was that they empowered Trump personally. Attack of the Zombie Tariffspaulkrugman.substack.com · 24 Feb 2026All korrents from this piece
    It has been clear from the beginning that a primary motivation for tariffs was that they empowered Trump personally.

Tariff revenue is real but far too small to make a dent in the American deficit.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Revenue from the Trump tariffs, even pre-Court, wasn’t enough to make a large dent in the deficit. Attack of the Zombie Tariffspaulkrugman.substack.com · 24 Feb 2026All korrents from this piece
    Revenue from the Trump tariffs, even pre-Court, wasn’t enough to make a large dent in the deficit.

The tariffs did not revive American manufacturing; employment in it fell after they were imposed.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Trump also claimed that his tariffs would revive American manufacturing. In fact, manufacturing employment has declined since Liberation Day. Attack of the Zombie Tariffspaulkrugman.substack.com · 24 Feb 2026All korrents from this piece
    Trump also claimed that his tariffs would revive American manufacturing. In fact, manufacturing employment has declined since Liberation Day.

The 2025 American tariffs did not reduce the trade deficit they were imposed to reduce.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… In fact, the U.S. trade deficit for all of 2025 was about the same as it was in 2024. Attack of the Zombie Tariffspaulkrugman.substack.com · 24 Feb 2026All korrents from this piece
    In fact, the U.S. trade deficit for all of 2025 was about the same as it was in 2024.

Import prices have risen under Trump's tariffs, undercutting claims that foreigners would pay them.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… And import prices, even excluding petroleum, have gone up, not down, belying claims that foreigners would pay the tariffs. Why Does Everyone Hate Trump’s Tariffs?paulkrugman.substack.com · 20 Sept 2026
    And import prices, even excluding petroleum, have gone up, not down, belying claims that foreigners would pay the tariffs.

Trump's 2025 tariffs have not produced a revival of U.S. manufacturing employment, contrary to administration predictions.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Contrary to Trump administration expectations and predictions, there has been no revival of U.S. manufacturing employment, and investment in manufacturing — at least as measured by construction spending — has fallen off a cliff. Why Does Everyone Hate Trump’s Tariffs?paulkrugman.substack.com · 20 Sept 2026
    Contrary to Trump administration expectations and predictions, there has been no revival of U.S. manufacturing employment, and investment in manufacturing — at least as measured by construction spending — has fallen off a cliff.

Weaponizing economic choke points is now normal, and it invites retaliation and costly mistakes

Our label. 3 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

Large-scale international trade may sometimes serve the cause of peace but can also create the potential for conflict.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… The point is that large-scale international trade, while it may sometimes serve the cause of peace, can also create the potential for conflict. Trade, Peace and Warpaulkrugman.substack.com · 13 Sept 2026
    The point is that large-scale international trade, while it may sometimes serve the cause of peace, can also create the potential for conflict.

The power that comes from the ability to disrupt trade is a wasting asset and cannot be used indefinitely.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… the power that comes from the ability to disrupt trade is a wasting asset. You can use it for a time, but not indefinitely. Economic Size and Economic Powerpaulkrugman.substack.com · 19 Sept 2026
    the power that comes from the ability to disrupt trade is a wasting asset. You can use it for a time, but not indefinitely.

Europe is not in decline; it is one of three economic superpowers and the only democratic one

Our label. 5 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

Europe is an economic superpower, and at present it is the only democratic one.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Europe, along with China and the United States, is an economic superpower. And, at this point in time, it is arguably the world’s only democratic superpower. Is Europe in Economic Decline?paulkrugman.substack.com · 10 May 2026All korrents from this piece
    Europe, along with China and the United States, is an economic superpower. And, at this point in time, it is arguably the world’s only democratic superpower.

Europe is not in economic decline; by the measures that matter most it is keeping up with the United States.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Moreover, by many measures — arguably the most important measures — Europe is, in fact, keeping up with the United States. Is Europe in Economic Decline?paulkrugman.substack.com · 10 May 2026All korrents from this piece
    Moreover, by many measures — arguably the most important measures — Europe is, in fact, keeping up with the United States.

The former East Germany is no longer a deeply economically depressed region.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… But in any case the tale of East Germany as a deeply depressed region no longer fits the facts. Neo-Nazis and the Impotence of Trumponomicspaulkrugman.substack.com · 7 Sept 2026
    But in any case the tale of East Germany as a deeply depressed region no longer fits the facts.

By PPP there are three economic superpowers—the United States, China, and the EU—with China clearly largest and the US and EU roughly co-equal.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… actually, there are three economic superpowers in the world by this measure. There’s the United States, there’s China, which is clearly number one, and then there’s the EU, which are roughly co-equal. Economic Size and Economic Powerpaulkrugman.substack.com · 19 Sept 2026
    actually, there are three economic superpowers in the world by this measure. There’s the United States, there’s China, which is clearly number one, and then there’s the EU, which are roughly co-equal.

China is not yet big enough to be an economic hegemon, and the United States is no longer big enough to be one.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… China is not yet big enough to be the hegemon, but the United States truly is not big enough to be the hegemon. So we are just not in that world anymore. Economic Size and Economic Powerpaulkrugman.substack.com · 19 Sept 2026
    China is not yet big enough to be the hegemon, but the United States truly is not big enough to be the hegemon. So we are just not in that world anymore.

The AI investment boom is pushing up long-term interest rates and crowding out other investment

Our label. 4 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

The Trump administration is probably not responsible for high long-term rates, which look like a natural market response to the rush to invest in AI.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… I don’t think it’s responsible for high long-term rates, any more than Bill Clinton was responsible for high rates in the late 1990s. This looks like the natural market response to the rush to invest in AI. Bessent and the Bondspaulkrugman.substack.com · 10 Sept 2026
    I don’t think it’s responsible for high long-term rates, any more than Bill Clinton was responsible for high rates in the late 1990s. This looks like the natural market response to the rush to invest in AI.

The simplest explanation for rising long-term interest rates is a surge in demand for funds from the AI boom.

Occam's razor

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… The simplest story consistent with the facts is that we’re seeing a surge in demand for funds as a result of the AI boom. Bessent and the Bondspaulkrugman.substack.com · 10 Sept 2026
    The simplest story consistent with the facts is that we’re seeing a surge in demand for funds as a result of the AI boom.

The AI boom is the main cause of soaring long-term interest rates.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Indeed, in my October 4 primer I argued that the AI boom is the main cause of soaring long-term interest rates. AI Versus Everything Elsepaulkrugman.substack.com · 6 Oct 2026
    Indeed, in my October 4 primer I argued that the AI boom is the main cause of soaring long-term interest rates.

Massive spending on data centers is crowding out investment in other parts of the economy.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Massive spending on data centers is crowding out investment in everything else in the economy. AI Versus Everything Elsepaulkrugman.substack.com · 6 Oct 2026
    Massive spending on data centers is crowding out investment in everything else in the economy.

The return of inflation is Trump's doing, through tariffs and the Iran war

Our label. 5 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

The resurgence in inflation is the responsibility of Donald Trump, due to his tariffs and the war in Iran.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… But there is no question who is responsible for the resurgence in inflation: this is all on Trump, first the tariffs and then then the Iran war. On Inflation, Trump Snatched Defeat from the Jaws of Victorypaulkrugman.substack.com · 15 Oct 2026
    But there is no question who is responsible for the resurgence in inflation: this is all on Trump, first the tariffs and then then the Iran war.

Trump inherited a relatively benign inflation picture and threw that inheritance away with his tariffs and war

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… My basic point — that Trump inherited a relatively benign inflation picture and threw that inheritance away with his tariffs and war — is even clearer from the PPI than the CPI. The Bad News on Inflation Just Keeps Comingpaulkrugman.substack.com · 16 Oct 2026
    My basic point — that Trump inherited a relatively benign inflation picture and threw that inheritance away with his tariffs and war — is even clearer from the PPI than the CPI.

The current outbreak of high inflation is all on Donald Trump.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… And while presidents usually have much less influence on the economy than is generally recognized, the current outbreak of high inflation is all on Donald Trump. Trump is Destroying Americans’ Healthcarepaulkrugman.substack.com · 21 Oct 2026
    And while presidents usually have much less influence on the economy than is generally recognized, the current outbreak of high inflation is all on Donald Trump.

There is a significant risk that successive inflation shocks will become entrenched in expectations, necessitating a recession to reduce inflation.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… And there’s a big risk that the succession of inflation shocks will do what the post-Covid shock didn’t: get entrenched in expectations, so that we will need a recession to get inflation back down. On Inflation, Trump Snatched Defeat from the Jaws of Victorypaulkrugman.substack.com · 15 Oct 2026
    And there’s a big risk that the succession of inflation shocks will do what the post-Covid shock didn’t: get entrenched in expectations, so that we will need a recession to get inflation back down.

There is no relief visible in the near future regarding consumer prices

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… And the PPI is often a leading indicator of future consumer prices, so there’s no relief visible in the near future. The Bad News on Inflation Just Keeps Comingpaulkrugman.substack.com · 16 Oct 2026
    And the PPI is often a leading indicator of future consumer prices, so there’s no relief visible in the near future.

Trump's corruption is unprecedented and he and his circle are hostile to democracy and expertise

Our label. 8 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

Corruption is becoming a serious problem for the Republican Party.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… But if one combines a closer look at these numbers with a more realistic understanding of public opinion, this poll actually shows that corruption is becoming a serious G.O.P. problem. The Trump Administration is a Cesspit of Corruptionpaulkrugman.substack.com · 5 Oct 2026
    But if one combines a closer look at these numbers with a more realistic understanding of public opinion, this poll actually shows that corruption is becoming a serious G.O.P. problem.

The level of corruption engaged in and enabled by Donald Trump is unprecedented.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… The level of corruption that Trump has engaged in and enabled in others is completely unprecedented – self-dealing that, as Trump would say, is like nothing anybody has ever seen before. The Trump Administration is a Cesspit of Corruptionpaulkrugman.substack.com · 5 Oct 2026
    The level of corruption that Trump has engaged in and enabled in others is completely unprecedented – self-dealing that, as Trump would say, is like nothing anybody has ever seen before.

Trump and his inner circle hate democracy, the rule of law, and American values.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… First, Trump and his inner circle don’t just love autocrats. They hate democracy and rule of law — which means that they hate America and American values. The Traitor in Chiefpaulkrugman.substack.com · 20 Oct 2026
    First, Trump and his inner circle don’t just love autocrats. They hate democracy and rule of law — which means that they hate America and American values.

A corrupt, partisan majority on the Supreme Court has given Trump a huge amount of untrammeled power.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Unfortunately, a corrupt, partisan majority on the Supreme Court, invoking the “unitary executive” theory, has given Trump a huge amount of untrammeled power, especially because he is surrounded by minions — many approved by supine Republicans in Congress — who are willing, even eager to break the law. Nerobefehl Nationpaulkrugman.substack.com · 14 Oct 2026
    Unfortunately, a corrupt, partisan majority on the Supreme Court, invoking the “unitary executive” theory, has given Trump a huge amount of untrammeled power, especially because he is surrounded by minions — many approved by supine Republicans in Congress — who are willing, even eager to break the law.

Trump will retain an immense capacity to inflict destruction on America and its allies.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Above all, he will retain immense capacity to inflict destruction on America, not to mention America’s allies. Nerobefehl Nationpaulkrugman.substack.com · 14 Oct 2026
    Above all, he will retain immense capacity to inflict destruction on America, not to mention America’s allies.

The Trump administration is defined by hostility to expertise and has silenced or purged people who know things across agencies.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… At a fundamental level, they’re just hostile to the idea of expertise in any domain, in pretty much every agency where there’s something to know, where there’s technical stuff that you need to know to make good decisions. The people who actually know things, or the people who are willing to speak up about what they know, have been silenced, purged. Where’s the Beef (Coming From)?paulkrugman.substack.com · 8 Sept 2026
    At a fundamental level, they’re just hostile to the idea of expertise in any domain, in pretty much every agency where there’s something to know, where there’s technical stuff that you need to know to make good decisions. The people who actually know things, or the people who are willing to speak up about what they know, have been silenced, purged.

The Trump administration is trying to undo even the most essential functions of government and turn the country back to the 19th century or before.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… It’s an administration that’s trying to turn us back to the 19th century or before. It’s really just trying to undo even the most essential functions of government. Where’s the Beef (Coming From)?paulkrugman.substack.com · 8 Sept 2026
    It’s an administration that’s trying to turn us back to the 19th century or before. It’s really just trying to undo even the most essential functions of government.

Billionaires should not hold power over national security; elected politicians should

Our label. 5 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

In a democracy, property rights do not include the right to act against the nation's interest.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… And in a democracy, the rights of private property don’t and never have included the right to act against the nation’s interest — where democratically elected representatives of the people, not business owners, should decide what is in the nation’s interest. It’s Time to Take Starlink Away from Elon Muskpaulkrugman.substack.com · 22 Oct 2026
    And in a democracy, the rights of private property don’t and never have included the right to act against the nation’s interest — where democratically elected representatives of the people, not business owners, should decide what is in the nation’s interest.

No private individual should have the capability to make national security policy.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… No private individual should, or indeed even have the capability to, make national security policy. It’s Time to Take Starlink Away from Elon Muskpaulkrugman.substack.com · 22 Oct 2026
    No private individual should, or indeed even have the capability to, make national security policy.

Having national security interests explicitly under control of elected politicians is a good thing even if the politicians have bad intentions.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… This is actually telling you that having national security interests explicitly under control of elected politicians is a good thing even if the politicians have bad intentions. The Starlink-Ukraine Scandal, Phase 2paulkrugman.substack.com · 23 Oct 2026
    This is actually telling you that having national security interests explicitly under control of elected politicians is a good thing even if the politicians have bad intentions.

Abroad, Trump is now hated but no longer feared, and American power is draining away

Our label. 4 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

The most obvious reason nations have stopped fearing Trump is the Iran war debacle.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Globally, the most obvious reason nations have stopped fearing Trump is the debacle in Iran. Fear Strikes Outpaulkrugman.substack.com · 18 Sept 2026
    Globally, the most obvious reason nations have stopped fearing Trump is the debacle in Iran.

Trump is globally hated but not feared, the opposite of where Machiavelli said a prince should be.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Globally, then, Trump is in exactly the opposite position of where Machiavelli said a prince should be: hated but not feared. Fear Strikes Outpaulkrugman.substack.com · 18 Sept 2026
    Globally, then, Trump is in exactly the opposite position of where Machiavelli said a prince should be: hated but not feared.
  2. Daniel W. Drezner Political scientist writing Drezner’s World on international relations In Machiavellian terms, Trump is no longer feared, and he's definitely no longer liked. Instead, he is hated - which is the one thing Machiavelli stressed should be avoided at all costs. Donald Trump Is No Longer Feareddanieldrezner.substack.com · 17 Sept 2026All korrents from this piece
    In Machiavellian terms, Trump is no longer feared, and he's definitely no longer liked. Instead, he is hated - which is the one thing Machiavelli stressed should be avoided at all costs.

America's power is collapsing.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… I say “used to be” because America’s power is collapsing before our eyes — has clearly and undeniably lost his mind? It’s “Underwear on the Outside” Timepaulkrugman.substack.com · 23 Sept 2026
    I say “used to be” because America’s power is collapsing before our eyes — has clearly and undeniably lost his mind?

Diesel, not crude, is the pinch point of the energy crisis, and an export ban would not help

Our label. 5 claims in Paul Krugman's own words.

It is at least arguable that Ukraine's air campaign against Russian refining has played a disproportionate role in driving up diesel prices.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… It’s at least arguable that Ukraine’s air campaign, which has done much more damage to Russia’s refining than to its crude production, has therefore played a disproportionate role in driving up diesel prices. Of Donald and Dieselpaulkrugman.substack.com · 21 Sept 2026
    It’s at least arguable that Ukraine’s air campaign, which has done much more damage to Russia’s refining than to its crude production, has therefore played a disproportionate role in driving up diesel prices.

Rising diesel prices are even more likely than rising gasoline prices to drive up interest rates.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Furthermore, rising diesel prices are even more likely than rising gasoline prices to drive up interest rates. Why? The Federal Reserve, which sets short-term interest rates, normally focuses on “core” inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices. Of Donald and Dieselpaulkrugman.substack.com · 21 Sept 2026
    Furthermore, rising diesel prices are even more likely than rising gasoline prices to drive up interest rates. Why? The Federal Reserve, which sets short-term interest rates, normally focuses on “core” inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices.

Refined petroleum products, particularly diesel, have replaced crude oil as the primary bottleneck in the global energy crisis.

Bottlenecks

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… Aside from the outrageous nature of his demands, Trump’s remarks were interesting because they reveal the extent to which refined products, especially diesel, have replaced crude oil as the key bottleneck in the global energy crisis. Of Donald and Dieselpaulkrugman.substack.com · 21 Sept 2026
    Aside from the outrageous nature of his demands, Trump’s remarks were interesting because they reveal the extent to which refined products, especially diesel, have replaced crude oil as the key bottleneck in the global energy crisis.

A diesel export ban would probably do little for U.S. affordability, would deter business investment, and would weaken America's hand against China on energy.

Second-order thinking

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… So a diesel export ban would probably do little to assuage U.S. concerns about affordability. It would create uncertainty that deters business investment, in energy and other industries. And it would further weaken America’s hand in its geopolitical rivalry with China over energy. Donald the Deadbeat Does Dieselpaulkrugman.substack.com · 24 Sept 2026
    So a diesel export ban would probably do little to assuage U.S. concerns about affordability. It would create uncertainty that deters business investment, in energy and other industries. And it would further weaken America’s hand in its geopolitical rivalry with China over energy.

A diesel export ban would likely increase energy costs in some parts of the United States.

  1. Paul Krugman Trade economist, Nobel laureate in 2008 for his work… But in this case “the rest of the world” includes much of the United States. Both the Northeast and the West Coast buy much of their diesel (and heating oil, which is a closely related commodity) from other countries, so a ban on U.S. exports, by driving up world prices, would actually make energy more expensive in some parts of the country. Donald the Deadbeat Does Dieselpaulkrugman.substack.com · 24 Sept 2026
    But in this case “the rest of the world” includes much of the United States. Both the Northeast and the West Coast buy much of their diesel (and heating oil, which is a closely related commodity) from other countries, so a ban on U.S. exports, by driving up world prices, would actually make energy more expensive in some parts of the country.