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The ITTAGE indirect branch predictor

Nelson Elhage · 4 Jul 2025

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  1. Modern CPUs mostly no longer struggle to predict the bytecode-dispatch indirect jump inside a "conventional" bytecode interpreter loop.
  2. most branches are heavily "biased" one way or another - e.g. a "branch taken" rate of 10% or 90% is more common than 50%
  3. in 2025 it might end up being easier to just throw a neural net at the problem, instead of a custom-designed-and-tuned prediction algorithm!

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